Ancient history of Sri Lanka 

In the south of India, there is an island in the Indian Ocean bound by India, which is named Sri Lanka. The distance of the country is only 32 kilometers from India. By 1972, its name was Ceylon, which was changed to Lanka, and in 1978 it was further changed to Sri Lanka by adding the word Sri. Sri Lanka has had an unbroken relationship with India since ancient times. Let’s know some facts in this regard.

Sri Lanka, located in the south of India, had a large number of Hindus. But, presently about 12.60 percent of the population is Hindus. According to DNA research, the Sinhalese people living in Sri Lanka are associated with the North Indian people. The Sinhala lingo is correlated with the Gujarati and Sindhi languages. The previous 3000 years of the written history or narrative of Sri Lanka is obtainable. There has been an indication of human territories in Sri Lanka about 125,000 years ago. Buddhist scripts concocted at the time of the fourth Buddhist association in 29 BC have been established.

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• According to the Hindu mythical chronology, Lord Shiva have inhabited Sri Lanka. Vishwakarma had constructed a gold palace in Sri Lanka for Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvati on the orders of Lord Shiva himself. Sage Vishrava took benefit of Lord Shiva’s naivety and asked him to contribute to Lanka. Then, Goddess Parvati condemned that, only part of Mahadev would burn the palace with coal, and with that, the devastation of your lineage would commence. Lankapuri got her son, Kubera, from Vishrava, but Ravana crippled Kubera and seized Lanka. Lord Hanuman, an incarnation of Shiva, burnt Lanka due to the curse, and the family of Ravana, Kumbhakarna’s son, was destroyed. Vibhishan survived by being in Shriram’s shelter.
• According to legends, the three sons of Shiva’s demon son Sukesh, Mali, Sumali and Mallywan, established a city on Mount Trikut Subel (Sumeru) and named it Lanka. Later, Kubera was made the Lankapati or the king of Lanka by the Devas and Yakshas by executing Mali. Ravana’s mother Kaikesi was the daughter of Sumali. At the incitement of his maternal grandfather, Ravana was determined to fight a battle with his step-mother Ilavilla’s son Kubera, and vanquish Lanka again to the demons. In the same sequence, Ravana also took away the Pushpak Vimana of Kubera. Kubera was Ravana’s half-brother.
• Srilanka has a mountain which is also known as the Shripada peak. He titled it Adam’s Peak during the time of the British rule. However, the ancient name, of this Adam Peak, is Ratan Island mountains. A temple is constructed on this mountain. According to the Hindu presumption, there are footprints of Mahadev Shankar, the “God of gods”, thus, this place is named Sivanolipadam (Light of Shiva). The footprint is 5 feet 7 inches long and is 2 feet 6 inches wide. Located at an altitude of 2,224 meters, lakhs of devotees and tourists come to visit this ‘Shreepad’. The Christians, acknowledging its significance, propagated that these were the footprints of Saint Thomas. According to Buddhist legends, these designations pertain to the Gautama Buddha. According to the Muslim legends, the designation denotes Hazrat Adam. Few people have begun to call Ram Sethu Adam’s Bridge. It is said about this mountain that this mountain is the mountain which was a piece of Dronagiri and which was taken up and taken to Hanumanji. This thrilling mountain in Galle, the southern coast of Sri Lanka, is called by the Sri Lankans as Rehumashala Kanda.
• Sri Lanka’s International Ramayana Research Center and the Ministry of Tourism have together found 50 such sites related to Ramayana which have archaeological and historical importance and which are also mentioned in Ramayana. The place in Sri Lanka where Ravana’s gold Lanka was found. It has been claimed to possess discovered Ashoka Vatika, Ram-Ravana battleground, Ravana’s cave, Ravana’s airport, Ravana’s corpse, Ravana’s palace, and 50 such Ramayana sites. Evidence of this has also been presented.

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It is believed that there is a cave of Ravana on a giant hill amidst the forests of Raglan, where he had done severe penance. Ravana’s corpse is still preserved in the exact cave even today. This cave of Ravana is positioned at an altitude of 8000 feet in the province of   Raglan. The corpse of Ravana is conserved in a 17-foot-long coffin. There is a unique coating around this coffin, because of which the coffin has been unharmed and intact for thousands of years. Archaeological analyses of Ravana Fall, Ravana Caves, Ashoka Vatika, the decayed palace of Vibhishan, etc., located around the Nuara Eliya Hills in Sri Lanka, verify their presence in the Ramayana interval. Everyone knows about the Ram Sethu.

• Sri Lanka has a shared ritual, belief, and culture of Hinduism as well as Buddhism. But it was shattered in the British era. There has never been a conflict between Hindus and Buddhists in Sri Lanka over almost 2000 years of civilization. There is a prevalence of Shaivism of Hinduism in Sri Lankan. Sri Lanka is contemplated as the home of the five abodes of Lord Shiva. Murugan indicates Kartikeya, son of Shiva, is one of the most prominent Hindu deities in Sri Lanka. They are worshipped not only by Tamil Hindus but also by Buddhist Sinhalese and Adivasis. There are many temples here that reflect the shared cultures of Hinduism and Buddhism.
• Hindu Emperor Ashoka (269-232 BCE), after many years of battle, boycotted the war after banning Buddhism and hunting. The third session of Buddhism concluded in the 17th year of Ashoka’s reign. Emperor Ashoka sent his son Mahinda and daughter Sanghamitra to Sri Lanka for preaching. Through him, King Devnamapiya Tissa of Sri Lanka adopted Buddhism and inaugurated a Buddhist monastery named ‘Mahavihara’ there. In the modern era, this country is also a stronghold and fortress of Theravada Buddhism. In Sri Lanka, Hindus and Buddhists used to live together due to the origins of Hinduism and Buddhism being the same, but in the British era, the social composition was jeopardized here.
• In Valmiki Ramayana, Lanka is told to be positioned in the middle of the island across the sea, i.e., in the recent times it has been seen, Ravana’s Lanka was placed in the middle of Sri Lanka. Sanskrit and Pali literature of Sri Lanka had an intimate connection with India since historical periods. About the founder of ‘Janaki Haran’, based on the tradition of Indian epics, Kumar Das is proclaimed to be an exclusive friend of Mahakavi Kalidasa. In 512-21 AD, Kumar Das was known to be the king of Lanka. It was first popularized in Sri Lanka in 700 BC in the Sinhalese language, which is associated with the existence of Rama.
• Sri Lanka was ruled first by the Portuguese, then by the Dutch, and in the early 1800s, the British began to occupy it and in 1818 took it under their full authority. Where the missionaries got a chance to flourish here in the British period, the Muslim settlements started in the Tamil region from India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Maldives etc. and gradually the number of mosqueand madrasas increased. Today the circumstances in the Tamil region have deteriorated to its extreme.

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In the British era, the British broke the communal unity between the Tamil and Sinhalese under the policy of ‘divide the rule’. Sri Lanka achieved independence on 4th February, in the year 1948, after World War II. When Sri Lanka came to be independent, authority passed into the hands of the Sinhalese and the Tamils were marginalized, but the Sinhalese did not understand that the British and Muslim sultanates wished to see Sri Lanka as turbulent. Why did the Sinhalese systematically incite hatred towards Tamil Hindus?

• The dissatisfaction among the Tamils began to spread due to the isolation of themselves for a long time. In May 1976, Prabharan set the Liberation Tigers Tamil Eelam (LTTE) and urged a diverse nation for Tamils. LTTE is guilty of massacring thousands of innocent Sinhalese, high-ranking Sri Lankan authorities and Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi.* It has been alleged that the Muslim fundamentalists and Christians took advantage of the long battle between the Sri Lankan regime and the Tamil separatists and they started to set foot in the meantime. This directed to intensify social chaos in the Tamil and Sinhalese regions of Sri Lanka. While Bangladesh and Pakistan received indirect support from the Muslims there, Christian missionaries continued their campaign in the poor region of Sri Lanka.

In 2009, Tamil revolutionaries were entirely demolished in India with the backing of Manmohan Singh’s government. Prabhakaran was also killed on 19 May 2009. Thousands of innocent Tamils were murdered in this campaign. Thousands of Tamil Hindus fled and took refuge in Tamil Nadu, India during the vicious massacre of Tamils by the Sri Lankan army, who are still living in refugee camps. After the action of the Sri Lankan army in 2009, there were millions of Tamil homeless people who are still concierge.

• Presently, Sri Lanka has a population of about 22 million. 70 percent of the country’s population is Buddhist. 10 percent of the population is in Sri Lanka is of Muslims, 12 percent Hindus and 6 percent Catholics. Buddhists never targeted Hindus and Christians because of religion, but Muslims have been marked. There are many reasons for this.

In 2012, the tensions between the Buddhists and Muslims in Sri Lanka started up, after the Tamil crisis was eliminated. Some radical Buddhist groups accused Muslims of forcibly converting and harming Buddhist monasteries. Muslims in Sri Lanka are not just Muslims, there are Tamil-speaking Muslims as well and Tamils have a known dispute with Sinhalese. Apart from this, the existence of Rohingya Muslims in Sri Lanka is also a reason for feud. In Sri Lanka, Muslims are slaughtering carnivores or domesticated animals under the Muslim ritual has always been a matter of disagreement among the Buddhist population. Presently, the Islamic fundamentalist National Tauheed Jamaat has also become a reason for friction.

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